辨析
易混淆时态对比——什么时候用哪个?
辨析
易混淆时态对比——什么时候用哪个?
辨析
现在完成时 vs 现在完成进行时
现在完成时侧重结果;现在完成进行时侧重过程和持续时间。
I have read that book. (Result: I know the content now.)
我读过那本书。(结果:我现在知道内容了。)
I have been reading that book. (Process: I am still reading it.)
我一直在读那本书。(过程:我还在读。)
She has lived here for ten years. (Focus on the fact of living here.)
她在这里住了十年。(侧重住在这里这个事实。)
She has been living here for ten years. (Focus on the duration and continuity.)
她一直在这里住了十年。(侧重持续的时间和过程。)
How long have you known him? (NOT: have you been knowing — "know" is a stative verb.)
你认识他多久了?(不能用 have been knowing——know 是状态动词。)
一般过去时 vs 现在完成时
一般过去时用于已结束的时间;现在完成时连接过去与现在。
I lived in London in 2019. (Finished time — "in 2019" is over.)
我2019年住在伦敦。(已结束的时间——"2019年"已过去。)
I have lived in London since 2019. (Unfinished time — still living there.)
我从2019年起就住在伦敦。(未结束的时间——现在还住在那里。)
Did you see the movie? (Asking about a specific past occasion.)
你看那部电影了吗?(问的是过去某个具体场合。)
Have you seen the movie? (Asking about your experience up to now.)
你看过那部电影吗?(问的是到目前为止的经历。)
Shakespeare wrote many plays. (He is dead — his career is finished.)
莎士比亚写了很多戏剧。(他已去世——他的创作生涯已结束。)
一般过去时 vs 过去进行时
一般过去时用于完成的动作;过去进行时用于正在进行的动作(常被打断)。
I was reading when the phone rang. (Reading was in progress; ringing interrupted it.)
我正在看书时电话响了。(看书在进行中;电话铃打断了它。)
She walked to school yesterday. (Completed action — just stating a fact.)
她昨天走路上学。(完成的动作——只是陈述事实。)
While I was cooking, he was watching TV. (Two parallel ongoing actions.)
我在做饭时,他在看电视。(两个同时进行的动作。)