fundamental problem
definitions
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A basic, central, or essential issue that lies at the root of a situation, system, or conflict.zh: 基本问题
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A deep-seated difficulty or contradiction within the theoretical, logical, or scientific basis of a field of study.zh: 理论难题
examples
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The lack of funding is the fundamental problem facing the project.
资金缺乏是该项目面临的基本问题。
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Quantum mechanics presents a fundamental problem for classical physics.
量子力学给经典物理学提出了理论难题。