traditional electrical stimulation techniques

📖 ความหมาย

1. การกระตุ้นไฟฟ้าแบบดั้งเดิม
   EN: Established methods of applying electrical currents to biological tissue for therapeutic or experimental purposes, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) or conventional deep brain stimulation, which typically rely on surface electrodes or macroscopic implants rather than high-resolution optogenetic or wireless micro-stimulation technologies.